A nation is run by policies and administration of government in power. They are the ones responsible for decisions, development, and integrity.
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The cooperative method of federalism too is practiced by some nations where the state, as well as central government, work together and the like of power is blurred thus the federalism is also defined by the marble cake analogy.
References
- https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=v1WmpCWF6LAC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=difference+between+dual+and+cooperative+federalism&ots=3jwMrTqUHf&sig=3ezCjmxXrsZHg-pBss58wW7WAyg
- https://www.jstor.org/stable/1290080