The loans are the way by which a person gets investment and he pays it back on monthly basis. The loans have made it easy for people to buy houses, cars and get funding for their businesses. But the loans are paid back with the interest and those interests are calculated on the bank rate or repo rate. These both are fixed by the Reserve bank of India.
Bank Rate vs Repo Rate
The main difference between the bank rate and repo rate is that the Bank rate is the rate that is charged on money that is being lent by the Central bank in the commercial bank. Whereas the Repo rate is the money that is being given back by the commercial bank to the Central bank to get back the security they have given in exchange while taking the loan. No security is required in the bank rate but in repo rate, security is needed.
The Bank Rate is the money that is asked by the commercial bank from the Central Bank or RBI as per the policies of the country. The Bank Rate is the money that is lent to a bank in times of crises like shortage of funds. The Bank rate does not require security in the exchange of money.
The Repo Rate is the rate of interest that is charged when the commercial banks ask for the money for a shorter term of time. The Repo rate requires the security which the bank buys once they return the money along with the interest. The financial institution uses this method to increase their investment. The mutual fund market is also used for money lending when the bank provides security in return to them.
Comparison Table Between Bank Rate and Repo Rate
| Parameters of Comparison | Bank Rate | Repo Rate |
| Definition | The Bank rate is the interest applied on the money when the bank buys some funds from the Central bank in the shortage of money. | The Repo rate is used to calculate the rate of interest in the money that is being lent to the bank for the shorter-term period. |
| Other names | The Bank Rate is also known as the discount rate. | The Repo rate is also known as the repurchase agreement. |
| Period | The Bank rates are money that is being lent to the bank for a long-term period. | The Repo rate is given for a short-term period to the banks. |
| Rate of Interest | The bank rate has a high rate of interest as compared to the repo rate. | The Repo rate is less as compared to the Bank rate. |
| Condition | The Bank rate is fixed by the government for every bank. The Bank rate does not require security in exchange for money. | The Repo rate requires security in the exchange of money. |
| Effects | The increase in bank rate also increases the interest rate on the loans given to the customer. | The Repo rate is maintained by the bank and thus, the customers are not affected by the repo rate. |
What is Bank Rate?
The bank rate is the amount of interest charged on the bank when they take money from the Central bank. The money is taken by the bank in times of crisis and the amount of money that is being given depends on the monetary policy of a country. The bank rate does not include security in the exchange.
The bank rate is the rate of interest that is given by the Central bank to the commercial bank for the long term. The bank rate is the interest that influences the loan interest of the customers. The bank rates are high as the money has been provided for the long term. The interest whereas is also fixed by the RBI. Whereas it may vary from country to country.
The bank rate if increase the interest in the money also increase which somewhere influences the money. The market. The increase in the bank rate decreases the supply of money in the market as the interest rates are increased. Thus, the bank rate influences the money present in the market.
What is Repo Rate?
The Repo rate is the rate of interest that is charged on the commercial banks when they buy back the securities from the lender. The Repo rate is the money managed by the bank itself thus, it does not influence the interest rate given to the customers. The money can be borrowed by the Central bank or other means like the stock market.
The Repo Rate is the money that is being charged on the loans that the bank takes for a shorter period. These types of funds are usually used to increase capital. The Repo rates require security in exchange for the money. The Repo rate is the funds that decided the liquidity funds. The RBI uses them to encourage the banks to sell their securities.
In 2007, there was a repo market where there was a deficiency of the investment banks and if the investments were available then they charged a high amount of the interests. This led to crises known as the Great Recession. The Great Recession was seen globally and the countries saw the final crises. The International Monetary Fund declared this time as the greatest decline in finance.
Main Differences Between Bank Rate and Repo Rate
- The bank rate is the rate that affects the interest rate on the loans of the customers whereas it does not imply the repo rate.
- The repo rate decided the liquidity fund of the bank whereas the bank rate does not influence it.
- The bank rate is for the long term whereas the repo rate is for the short-term of the period.
- The Bank rate has a high interest as compared to the repo rate.
- The Bank rate does not require security whereas the repo rate requires security for the exchange.
Conclusion
The money is not only needed by the common people but the banks also need the money. The money needed by the bank can depend on the situation. Sometimes banks require money to increase their capital whereas sometimes in shortage of money also need the money.
The money taken by the bank in the shortage of money from the Central Bank is known as the bank rate which also influences the interest rate charged on the customers. Whereas the repo rate is used to make increase the capital and need security while lending the money. The Repo rate decides the liquidity finds the rate of the bank.
References
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-8268.12056
- https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/42/4/511/1887698