Every machine has moving elements that move relative to one another in a sliding or rolling action. Linear sliding motion, such as in machine tools, and rotation motion, such as in motor vehicle wheels, are examples of relative motion. Bearings are precision-machined components that allow machines to operate at extremely high speeds while decreasing friction and handling stress between moving elements.
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Bearings are specifically engineered to increase bearing life in machines, minimize friction energy losses, and wear, and hence save maintenance costs. The majority of bearings in machines are employed to support spinning shafts. Bearings are self-lubricating, whereas bushings are generally brass or bronze.
References
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079642511000922
- https://www.osti.gov/etdeweb/biblio/21406873