An NRI can earn a double income – one in the form of foreign currency which costs more in your country and the other from your investment in Indian Rupees. Nowadays people want to transfer the income earned from abroad to their country and for this, there is a need to create a bank account to collect the money so that the money can come easily and stay safe. The same transaction process requires a separate account which you can opt for.
NRE vs FCNR
The main difference between NRE and FCNR is that the NRE account is opened by Non-Resident Indians who have income earned from abroad and want to repatriate it to India whereas the FCNR account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees.
In NRE, the account can be opened as a Fixed deposit account and savings bank deposit account, and current account. This account is used to deposit money that is tax-free and fully repatriable. This account allows the transfer of income earned abroad to India. Due to which the INR balance of the Indian bank account is maintained. It can earn 3% per year.
In FCNR, accounts can be opened as a term deposit. This account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees. The rate of interest in this type of account is approx. 1.5- 2.75%. Its minimum balance varies from bank to bank.
Comparison Table Between NRE and FCNR
| Parameters of Comparison | NRE | FCNR |
| Type of accounts | In NRE, the account can be opened as a Fixed deposit account and savings bank deposit account, and current account. | In FCNR, accounts can be opened as term deposits. |
| Purpose | This account is opened by Non-Resident Indians who have income earned from abroad and want to repatriate it to India. | This account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees. |
| Minimum Balance | The minimum balance should be up to 10,000 for saving accounts and for fixed-term deposits, it should be 50,000. | It varies from bank to bank. USD 1000, GBP 500, EUR 1000, JPY 11000, CAD 1000. |
| Currency risk | There is a risk to the currency because if the rupee depreciates, then there is a situation of loss at the time of maturity and repatriation. | There is no risk in any currency as investment here as it is made in foreign currency and withdrawn in the same. |
| Rate of interest | 7-9 % | 1.5- 2.75 % |
What is NRE?
NRE stands for Non-Resident External. Non-Resident External (NRE) account is for outsiders whose earnings are abroad and it is an account for depositing and depositing their money. It can be any account like rupee-denominated account, savings account, current account, fixed deposit account, and recurring deposit account, etc. It can be opened individually or jointly in two ways. One more NRE can be included in the jointly opened account.
This account is only for money earned from any foreign country. Money earned in India cannot be deposited in it. In this way, one NRE can easily transfer funds to the account of another NRE. Such an account is subject to exchange rate fluctuations.
The principal and interest amount in this account are fully repatriable. It is completely tax exempted, hence it is tax-free. It also provides an investment facility. Anyone who wants to invest in NRE India can do so easily with this account.
In NRE, the account can be opened as a Fixed deposit account and savings bank deposit account, and current account. This account is used to deposit money that is tax-free and fully repatriable. This account allows the transfer of income earned abroad to India. Due to which the INR balance of the Indian bank account is maintained. It can earn 3% per year.
What is FCNR?
FCNR stands for Foreign Currency Non-Resident. Foreign Currency Non-Resident (FCNR) account is considered to be a type of fixed account that allows the money of Indians residing abroad to be deposited in 9 currencies. They are 9 currencies – USD, GBP, AUD, SGD, CAD, CHF, HKD, EUR, JPY. FCNR(B) account is not a savings account. It allows NRIs to deposit money as per their wish. The amount deposited should be earned from abroad. In this, NRIs can transfer funds to the FCNR account before opening the account.
The interest rate currency of the FCNR account varies according to its tenure. One of the features of this account is that it allows earning a fixed interest rate. This interest rate does not change throughout the tenure. If there is any change in the location of the account holder during the period of deposit, he can hold the account till maturity. But during this change, the interest rate is fixed as per the rules of the bank.
NRI or any member of the family jointly or individually can open FCNR(B) account. The tenure of this account is up to 5 years. The amount deposited in this account is fully repatriable. In addition, it is tax-free.
Main Differences Between NRE and FCNR
- In NRE, the account can be opened as a Fixed deposit account and savings bank deposit account, and current account whereas in FCNR, accounts can be opened as term deposits.
- NRE account is opened by Non-Resident Indians who have income earned from abroad and want to repatriate it to India whereas FCNR account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees.
- The minimum balance of NRE should be up to 10,000 for saving accounts and for fixed-term deposits, it should be 50,000 while the minimum balance of FCNR varies from bank to bank. USD 1000, GBP 500, EUR 1000, JPY 11000, CAD 1000.
- There is a risk to the currency in the NRE account because if the rupee depreciates, then there is a situation of loss at the time of maturity and repatriation while there is no risk in any currency in FCNR account as investment here as it is made in foreign currency and withdrawn in the same.
- The rate of interest of the NRE account is 7 to 9% while the rate of interest of the FCNR account is 1.5 to 2.75%.
Conclusion
So we conclude that both the account have their advantages and disadvantages. You can fill an account in NRE and FCNR online as well as offline. For the online process, you have to upload the scanned document as needed. NRE account is opened by Non-Resident Indians who have income earned from abroad and want to repatriate it to India whereas the FCNR account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees. The purpose of the NRE account is to open by Non-Resident Indians who have income earned from abroad and want to repatriate it to India whereas the FCNR account is opened by NRIs to park abroad in which the income earned in foreign currency is credited without converting it into Rupees.
References
- https://taxguru.in/rbi/sensitivity-capital-flows-interest-rate-differentials-empirical-assessment-india.html
- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2119769
- https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/377/10/10_chapter%205pdf